Valve-gear.



E. A. BURROW.

VALVE GEAR. APPLICATION FILED MAR, 25, 1915.

Patented June 29, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. A. BURROW.

VALVE GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED mmzs. ms.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Patented June 29, 1915.

E. A. BURROW.

VALVE GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1915.

L14 585 Patented June 29, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

a application Serial fNo.- 8fl3,.812, filed use 8,,1914L.

1 ies-sea.

T all :tU/tOWL it may concern 'nss mmvmn'rs, or snvnn'rir awnnnnn'ms T0 BERNARD 1 sheen A. BURROW, or sen aNGnLo, 'r xA-s, 'Assr'enois, re manor AND MEFEINE onE-ncnnnnnqins ro nriiasnm Ann THIRTY oneo. ALEXANDERIZANDUMARY A. comers, nxnonem; er WILLIAM A." s e ma, DEQEASEIJ,1-

Be it knownthat I, EDGAR A BUnnoW, a

citizenQf the United fStat'es;residing at San Angelo, Tom Green county, State of Texas, have invented certain ne\v and'usef11 l Improveinents in .Yalve-Gearsfofwhich the -fol low- 1ng isa specificat on.

This invention rel ates to engines n r l y andn ore particularly to steam engines and the present application is a division of my 0 of the objects of'theinvention is to provide a horizontally arranged cylinder in which the piston is supported out 'ofcontact with the boreof the'cylinder so that there will be no Wear on the cylinder by the piston, and; as a result, the'cylinder'will remain true indefinitely and the usual leakage due tothe cylinder beingout of round will be avoided. v i v A further object is to provide an arrangement ofinlet and exhaust valves which will permit the clearance to be reduced to a minimum. I

A further object is to provide inlet and exhaust valve operating mechanism which shall be actuated directly by ,the moveinents of'the engine piston and without using eccentrics or a lay shaft. f

Other objects and the features of novelty willbe apparentfrom the following description taken in connection with the acconipanying draw1ngs,"in wh ch.

Figure 1 1s a side elevatlonof an engine embodying my invention Fig. 2' is an enlargement ofa part of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 IS a' vertical longitudiual section through one half of the engine cylinder; FigQ l-is a transverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one end of I is an e1. larged section ofthe mechanism forvarymg yawn-Gran;

fir nifi efi ei r Letters int n -i: QBatented Jame 29, 1915.

(lrijginal applicationljlefl qune s gn ge- 1 No. 343,812. Divided 1 i a am ie-$ 3 01 the engine bed, 11 the crank shaft, 12 the crank disk having the crank pin thereon. l cross head 14 is arranged in suitable u d s 1-5 "en c nne i h th crank Pin the rod 1 6."v The Cylinder 17 is secured to the bed 10 .in-any u a le m nne a d,

li'thc ,fOIS'In of "the invention vshown, is pro vided' with eremovablehead l8. The head .8 i [made h ow o "pro i e t e seam space 19 and'the opposite end wall of the cylinder is provided with a corresponding steam space (not shown A valve cage 21 is arranged in the hen 18, preferably on the of the cylinder, and is' provided w th a. seat for the puppet valve 22. The

Q PQSi end wall of the cylinder is provided with Ia similar valve cage having a valve (not. shown), these valves controlling the supply of steam .to the opposite ends of the.

cylinderlf The steam spaces in the end walls of the cylinder may be supplied with steam in any suitable manner as by means of the pipes-2 5 and 26.. Arranged in the cylinder is a piston, comprising the similar endsec'tio'ns 27 and 28 andan intermediate are h te lieet cn file he 3 section 29. The sections may the clamped together in any suitable manner and for this purpose Ihave shownarod or bolt 30 having' right and left hand threads at. its oppo site ends. f It will be observed that the piston hollow and, order to make the 'inter'ior thereof accessible after the sections are assembled, I have provided the intei'nie diate section with an opening at the top which is normally closed by a suitable cover plate 31 The cylinder 17 is provided with an opening '32, which registers with the openingiii the pistonwhen'the piston is in its "central .position and is closed by a cover plate 33.

The intermediate section 29 of the piston is provided with oppositely arranged lat-v era lly' projecting tubular arms B l and 35,

each of which is. provided with a longitudinalextension asindicatedat 36, these extensions telescoping with the stationary tubularrnembers as indicated "at 38, the latter semesters time T a 34 we 35 extend through'the longitudinal slots 39 in the cylinder walls and have secured on the under sides thereof feet 40, these feet having inclined lower surfaces which rest 42. The arms 34 and 35 have also connected therewith the rods 43 which are connected with the cross head 14, for the purpose of transmitting the motion of the piston to the Gross head. It will be seen that by this construction the piston is connected with the p cross head by means extending along the exterior of the cylinder, thereby avoiding. the usual piston rod and stufling box and permitting the arrangementof valves shown in the drawings. v

The end walls of the piston carry the puppet exhaust valves 44, these valves being provided with stems 45 and being closed by means of spring 46. A reciprocating rod 47 is arranged between the ends of the valve 1 stems 45 and is moved in either direction by 54 loosely mounted on the shaft 49.

an arm 48 on the shaft 49, this shaft extending transversely of the piston and being supported in the arms 34 and 35. One end of the shaft 49 extends considerably beyond the arm 35 and is supported in a suitable bearing in a bracket 50. Secured on the shaft 49 is a disk 51 having a sectorshaped recess 52 in one side thereof in which is arranged an arm 53 having a hub The lower end of the arm 53 is pivotally connected with one-end ofa link 55, the oppo siteend of this link beingmounted on a fixed pivot 56 of the bed 10. The disk 51 is provi'ded with notches 57 and 57' in its periphery, these notches being adapted to receive latching pawls 58 and 58, respectively, which are pivotally mounted on a bracket 59.

Brackets 60 and 60 are secured to the bed 10 and provided at their upper ends with slots 61 in which are secured the opposite ends of the inclined bars 62 and 63, these bars being oppositely inclined and being engaged, respectively. by the rollers 64 and 65 on the pawls 58 and 58, respectively. The bars 62 and 63 are detachably secured to the brackets 60, so that the bars may be lifted manually to disengage either of the pawls from the notches 57.

The valve stems 45 are slidably arranged in brackets 66 on the interior of the piston and the rod 47 is slidably arranged in the brackets 67. In order to move the rod 47 back and forth :to actuate the valves 44, alternately, the shaft 49 is automatically rocked at the ends of the strokes of the piston. The shaft 49 moves back and forth with the piston and the upper end of the arm 53, being loosely pivoted on the shaft 49 and having its lower eiid connected with the link 55, will be oscillated in synchronism with the strokes of the piston. It will be observed that the arm 53 is tapered at the upfper end so that the sides 68 and 69 thereo are substantially radial with respect to the axis of the shaft 49. As the piston moves on the forward stroke, or toward the crank shaft, the side 69 of the arm 53 will engage the surface 70 of the sector' shaped recess 52 in the disk 51. This engagement occurs when the piston reaches a point well toward the end of its stroke and after the engagement occurs further move ment'of the piston will cause the shaft 49 to be rocked by the arm 53. The rocking of theshaft 49 causes the arm 48 to move the rod 47 toward the head end of the cylinder,

thus opening the valve 44 in the head end the piston and permitting the steam to exhaust into the interior of the piston, whence it escapes through the arms 34 and 35 to the exhaust pipes 38. The melting of the disk 51, as above described, moves the notch 57 (see Fig. 2) into engagement with the pawl 58, this engagement occurring at the end of the forward stroke of the piston. As the piston reverses and moves, on the return stroke, toward the head end of the cylinder. the pawl 58 remains in engagement with the notch 57 and thus holds the disk 51 against rotation. This holds the valve 44, in the head end of the piston, in the open position until the piston approaches the head end of the cylinder. It will be noted that when the piston starts on the return stroke the side 69 of the arm 53 will move out of engagement with the side 70- of the recess 52 and the spring 46 acting on the stem of theopen exhaust valve 44 will have a constant tendency to close the valve and shift the rod 47 to neutral position. As the piston moves on its stroke toward the head end of the cylinder the roller 64 engages the inclined bar 63 and at the proper instant the pawl 58 is disengaged from the notch 57, thereby releasing the disk 51 and permitting the spring 46 to close the valve 44. The continued movement of the piston after the valve 44 is closed causes the steam to be compressed in the space between the piston and the head end of the cylinder. The exhaust valve 44 in the crank end of the piston is operated in a similar manner.

Mounted in brackets 71 on the crank end of the cylinder is a. rock shaft 72 having a pair of upwardly projecting arms 73, the

upper ends of these arms being connected similar to the rods 83 and supporting the arms 98 and 99 toward" the cylinder they at their ends, and also a greases by a cross rod 73. A rockshattt 7421s simi larly mounted in brackets 75- on the headend-of the cylinder and is provided with a pair of upwardly proj-eeting arms 76 which carry a cross rod 76 the cross rods '78 and 76' being connected by a rod 77. The shaft 72' also has secured thereon an arm -78 which is pivotally connected-with a sliding sleeve 7 9 on the inclined rod 80. The rod 80 is socured to brackets 81,- 82 whichare carried by the rod 13 so that the rod 80 moves back' and forth with the rod 43.

Secured to the crank end of the cylinder are four rods 83, which support a plate 81, plate 85 snbstan tially midway between the plate 81 and the end of the cylinder. A tubular member '80 is slidably mounted in theplates 84 and 85. At the head end of the cylinder are rods 87 plates 88 and 89, v these plates being ar ranged similarly to the plates 81 and 85.

The valve operating mechanisms at the opposite ends of the cylinder are similar and since themechanism at the head end of the cylinder is'shown in detail in' Fig. 5 a description thereof will be sufiicient'for an un-' derstanding of both thesemechanisms. In; Fig. 5 the plate 89 is indicated by dottecl lines for the sake of cl'earness. A tubular member 90, similar to the member 86, is slidably arranged in the plates 88 and 89 and is provided with the laterally projecting wings 91 and 92. The stem 98 of the inlet valve 22' extends into the tubular member 90 and when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 3 the end of the stem- 93 is in engagement with the end wall 91 of the member 90.

A spring 95 is arranged on the tubular mem-' ber '90 between the plate 88 andthe wings 91 and 92 and normally presses the tubular member toward the cylinder. The shaft 7 1 has secured thereon and projecting downwardly therefrom a pair of arms 96 and 97 and pivoted to the lower end of the arm 96 is an arm 98. a similar arm 99 being pivoted to the lower end of. thcarin 97. The arms 98 and 99 are connected by a crossmember 100 and'whenthe shaft Z1 is'rocke-d to carry the mentof the stem 93 and the memberQO, the

lattefwill be moved independently of the stem and without opcn'in gthe valve 22,'the latter being held against itsseat'by the pres'- sure in the chamber 19. Slidab'ly mounted onth'e plate89 is a latch member 101, this member being held in posh tion in any suitable manner, as by the head of a bolt102. The plate 891s provided with a' she'l'f 103 (see Fig. 7) extending horilzontally towardthe cylinder and on this shelf is slidably mounted a wedge member 101 which extends through aisuitable opening in the'latch member 101. A bi'furcated arm 105 is pivotally connected atoneend-with an" arm 106, which is secured on the shaft 74,: and receives the inner end 107 of the wedge member 104. The arm 105'a1nd'the end 107" of the wedge member l04care suitably slotted to receive a vertically adjustable Wedge" or key 108 which forms a conncctionbe tween'these parts. It will-be readily nnde'rstoodthat by vertically adjustingthe wedge 108 the combinedeft'ectivelengthrof the 1 parts 101 and 105, between the ivota l con nection with the arm 1:06 and thelatehmemher 101, may be varied. Themember-car=' ries on its upper surface a block'109 which cooperates with the member 101 to'hold'thc member 90 against the pressure of the spring: When the member 901s moved:away

95. from the cylinder the wedge member 10-1- is in position to permit the member 101 to drop; in behind the block member 90 in its outermost position.

As the piston moves toward the head end of the-cylinderfafter the valve 41 has been closed the steam in the space between the piston and the head of the cylinder is COIn-i pressed. until a pressure is attained snlii cient to overcon'ie the boiler pressure on the back of the valve :22, when the latter will beopened. It will-be observedthat the cross. sectional area of the stem 93 is'subjected to atmospheric pressure and an annular area at the back of the valve is subjected to boilerpressurc, so that when the val we 22 is opened and the boiler pressure eqnalizes on the 0pposite sides'of the valve there will be an" overbalancing pressure. on account of the area of'the stem 93. tending to hold the valve open. It should be here noted that, on account of the arrangement of the valves 22 and 44, it is possible to move the piston't'o;

within a small fraction of an inch of the cylinde'r'head and therefore the clearance space is, in thisengine, reduced toa minimum. The provision of the exhaust valve #1 1n the piston itself eliminates exhaustports 111 the cylinder wall andthu's aroids the clearance space clue to exha nstports, usually found in engines.

109 and thus secure thei As the piston moves away from the head end of the cylinderthe-inletvalve will remain open until the member 101" is lifted out' of engagement: with the-hlock'109 to ermeates spring 95,

to move the member 90 toward the cylinder. The movement of the piston away from the head end of the cylinder causes the sleeve-79 to be lowered by the inclined'bar 80 and thus rock the shafts 72 and 74. This making of the shaft 71- draws the wedge member 104 toward the cylinder and thus liftsthe member 101 out of engagement with the block 109. The point at which the disengagement of the member 101 and block 109 occursmay be varied by adjusting the wedge 108 and for this purpose there is mounted on the cylinder head a shaft 110 having an; arm 111 which is connected with a pinf112yon the wedge 108. By rocking the shaft 110 the wedge 108 may be raised or lowered and this:

rocking movement is effected by means of any suitable form of speed-governing mechamsm.

In the drawings I have shown a'governing. mechanism for actuating the shaft 110.

by means of a link 113 which is connected with an arm 114 on the shaft 110. The governina mechanism illustrated comprises a' pan 115 which is secured on a vertical rod 116 passing through a. bracket 117- and yieldingly supported on the bracket by means of a spring 118. In order to prevent the pan 115 from moving: laterally I have provided links 119 and 120 which are pi'v oted to the opposite ends of the pan and have a pin and slot connection with the rod 116 and with pins 121 which are carried by fixed brackets 122. A rock shaft 123 is suitably supported in fixed brackets and has an arm 124 which has a pin and slot connection 124: with the rod 116, as shown. The rock shaft 123 is also provided with oppositely projecting arms 125 and 126, the arm 125 being connected with the link 118 and the arm 126 being connected with a similar link 12? which actuates a rock shaft 127 on the crank end of the cylinder, and the function of which is similar to that of shaft 110.

Secured on the rod 43 is a receptacle 128 fora fluid, such as mercury, and this receptacle has a tubular extension-129, the upper end of which is so arranged as to discharge the fluid into the pan 115. The parts are so arranged that with each movement of the piston from the head end, of the cylinder the inertia forces acting on the mercury will cause the mercury to rise in the extension.

129, to a height snfiicient to discharge a portion thereof into the pan 115 The pan is provided with a restricted outlet 130 in the middle of the bottom and the mercury flows through this outlet into a funnel 131 which.

is carried by the rod 13 and returns the merco y to the receptacle 128. As the mercury. accumulates in the pan 115 the pan is depressed and the shaft 123 rocked .so as to lower the wedge 108and1thus-shorten the effective length between the arm 106 and the wedge member 1041., thereby causing the disengagement of the memberlOlfrom the block 109 at anearliempointin the stroke-of the? piston, or; in other words; shortening;

When the speed tho-cut -ofl of the engine. I of the engine becomes abnormally high, the

amount ofisteam supplied to thecylinder' will be-greatly reduced by shortening the cut-off and-the 'power applied to the crank.

the mercury will flow through the opening 130 in the pan 115 faster than it is received fronithe receptacle;128;and this will permit the pan. tobe lifted by the spring "118 and thereby lengthen the cut-01f. Under conditions of extremely high speed it is desirable to prevent the inlet valve being h ld Open and for. this purpose I have provided a block 132which is supported in any suitable manner and adapted tobe moved by a hell crank 133 which has a fixed pivot 134: and is actuated by an arm 135onthe shaft 1l0,-the arm 185 being connected'with the bell crank by a link 136. This device is shown diagrammatically in Fig; 5, but its operation... will be readily understood and is as follows: On excessive-speeds the block l32is moved to a position below the arm 98where it will prevent the arms 98 and from dropping into alinement with thewingsfil and 92, i-Under these conditions the arms 98 and99 will move baok'and forth withoutactuating the member and .no steam-will be supplied to'the cylinder- In orderv to permit the-spring toireturn the member 90' and close the inlet valve, it.

is necessary to lift the arms 98 and 99 out of engagement'with the wings, 9,1,.and.92 when the member 90 has been moved {away from the cylinder the proper distance and to acits complish this result I have provided the tri-;

angular members 187 which. are pivotally mounted onbrackets 138 and provided" with toes 139 which are engaged by springs 140,

these springs tending to swing .theupper ends of the members 139 toward. the cylin-. der. As shown in the drawings, the meme hers 137 are providedrwithnotches 1 11 in their upper surfaces and thesenotches re ceive laterally projecting pinsql42; on thearms .98 and 99, when the latter aremoved to their limiting position toward the cylinder. The springs 140 are so arranged as to normally hold the members137 in the-positionshown in Fig. 5;

98 and 99 away from the cylinder will swing movement of the arms 98; and 9.9 the. pins With the pins 142 in the notchesldl, the movement of the arms 42iwil1 move outof the n t h s lilandithez aste-sees springs 140 will then return the members 137 to their original position, the upper sur faces of these members acting as cams which lift the pins 142 and the members-98 and 99 so as to disengage the latter from'the Wings 91 and This, of course, occurs after the member 101 has dropped in behind the block 109 so as to retain the member 90in its outer position.

It is believed that the detailed description of the operation of the various mechanisms, above described, will make the operation of the engine as a whole apparent.

It Will be understood by those skilled in the art that various features of the engine shown and described herein are applicable to air compressors, ammonia pumps, compressors, internal combustion engines, etc, and therefore the term engine as used in the claims is to be given its broadest significance.

No claims are made in the present application to the governing mechanism shown and described, this forming the subject matter of my application Serial N 0. 17AM filed March 27, 1915.

Having thus described the invention, What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder. a piston therein, an arm secured to the piston and projecting through the side Wall of the cylinder, a reciprocable member connected with said arm, a shaft carried by said arm, an exhaust valve carried by the piston, means operatively connecting said shaft with said exhaust valve, an arm loosely mounted on said shaft, means connected With the last-mentioned arm and adapted to cause it to be oscillated by the reciprocation of the piston, a member secured on said shaft and intermittently engaged by the last-mentioned arm to rock said shaft, latching means for holding said shaft. at the ends of its rocking movements, means for releasing said latching means, an inlet valve in the end Wall of the cylinder, actuating means for said inlet valve comprising a rock shaft, a member carried by the first-mentioned member and having a surface inclined with respect to the plane of reciprocation thereof, and means cooperating with said inclined surface and moved thereby to actuate the last-mentioned rock shaft.

2. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, an exhaust valve carried by the piston, a rock shaft carried by the piston, means operatively connecting said rock shaft With said valve, an oscillating arm loose on said shaft, a member secured onsaid shaft and adapted to be positively engaged by said arm to actuate said shaft to open said valve, a latch device engaging said member to hold said valve in the open position, and cam means for releasing said latch device to permit the valve to'close. 1 i i i In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, an inlet ating means for said inlet valvecomprising a stem secured to the valve, a member tel,- eseopically connected with said stem, a spring for moving said member in one direction, and means actuated. by the piston for moving said'member in the opposite direction; s

l Lin an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve for controlling the supply of motive fluid to the cylinder, a stem secured to said valve, a member adapted to positively engage said stem to move said valve to the closed position, means actuated by the piston for moving said member away from said stem, spring means for moving said member in the opposite direction to close said valve, and an automatically operating latch for holding said member in the position to which it is moved by the said piston actuated means.

5. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve for controlling the supply of motive fluid to the cylinder, a member for actuating said valve in one direction, means actuated by said piston for setting said member into position to operate the valve, a latch for holding said member in the set position, and means for releasing said latch. 6. In an engine, the combination of inder, a piston therein, ling the supply of motive fluid to the cylinder, a member for actuating said valve in one direction, piston actuated means for setting said member into position to operate the valve, a latch for holding said member in the set position, and means controlled'by the speed of the engine for releasing said latch.

7. In an engine, the combination of a valve for controlling the supply of motive fluid, a member movable in one direction to actuate said valve, a rocker arm, means actuated by the piston for moving said arm, an arm pivoted to said rocker arm and adapted to engage said member and move the latter in the direction opposite to that for actuating the valve, a latch for holding said member at the limit of its movement by said arm, and means controlled bythe speed of the engine for releasing said latch.

S. In an engine, the combination of a supply valve, a member for actuating said valve, spring means for moving said member to actuate said valve, means operated by the piston for moving said member in oppositi on to said spring means, a latch for holding said member at the limit of its movement by said last mentioned means, a mema cyla valve for controlvalve, actu- MIL-M). H n). J 1..

her actuated by the piston for releasing said latch, and means controlled by the speed of the engine for adjusting theylast-mentioned means to vary the time of release of said latch.

9. In an engine, the combination of a valve, means for actuatingsaid valve comprising a rock shaft, a reciprocating membcr having'at surface inclined with respect to its plane of reciprocation, a member en- In testimony whereof I aifix my signatnre in presence of=two Witnesses. I y

' EDGAR a; BURROW.

Witnesses:

R. A. WVnAvnR, WYNN HAMILTON. 

